Theses on Feuerbach

The Communist Manifesto, often referred to as the Manifesto of the Communist Party, is one of the most influential political treatises in history. It is a manifesto commissioned by the Communist League from Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels between 1847 and 1848, and first published in London on February 21, 1848.

It is an early text by Marx and Engels, already reflecting the fundamentals of Marxism, including the materialist conception of history. However, it still predates the development of Marxist economics, as well as the historical events that would render some aspects of the manifesto obsolete, according to Marx and Engels themselves.

The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte is a work written between December 1851 and March 1852, published in the journal «Die Revolution», founded by Joseph Weydemeyer, a friend of Marx, and published in German in New York.

In this work Marx tries to expose how the coup d'état of December 2, 1851 in Paris, given by Louis Bonaparte, was propitiated as a result of the class conflict and the material conditions that each of them defended.

The text begins with Marx's famous phrase "…great historic facts… recur twice… once as tragedy, and again as farce", thus parodying the coup given by Louis Napoleon Bonaparte as an inferior imitation of the real Eighteenth Brumaire: the coup given on November 9, 1799 (18th Brumaire of the year VIII, according to the republican calendar) by Napoleon Bonaparte.